Articles
Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.
16,879 results found
Article
Retro-aortic left brachiocephalic vein
The retro-aortic left brachiocephalic vein is a rare vascular variant where the left brachiocephalic vein passes more inferiorly through the superior mediastinum, coursing inferior to the aortic arch and posterior to the ascending aorta to join the right brachiocepahilc vein forming the superior...
Article
Snake under the skull sign
Snake under the skull sign is a vascular anomaly seen in holoprosencephaly.
Pathology
Due to the defect in the cleavage of the two hemispheres there is a fusion of the frontal lobes. This band of abnormal cortical tissue causes forward displacement of the anterior cerebral artery, so that it l...
Article
Hemorrhagic corpus luteal cyst
Hemorrhagic corpus luteal cysts result from bleeding into corpus luteal cysts.
Radiographic features
Ultrasound
Commonly described findings include:
complex adnexal mass
adnexal thick-walled cystic lesion with lace-like strands
adnexal thick-walled cystic lesion with low-level echoes withi...
Article
Squamous dysplasia of lung
Squamous dysplasia (SD) of the lung is a type of preinvasive lung lesion and is considered a precursor to bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma. It is sometimes considered a low end of the spectrum of carcinoma in situ (CIS) of lung 2.
Article
Leukoencephalopathy due to autosomal recessive mutations in the mitochondrial alanyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetase gene (AARS2-L)
Leukoencephalopathy due to autosomal recessive mutations in the mitochondrial alanyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) synthetase gene (AARS2-L) refers to a rare, adult-onset leukodystrophy 1. AARS2-L strongly resembles adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia (ALSP).
Epidemio...
Article
Polysplenia syndrome
Polysplenia syndrome, also known as left isomerism, is a type of heterotaxy syndrome where there are multiple spleens congenitally as part of left-sided isomerism.
Epidemiology
Polysplenia is seen predominantly in female patients. It is usually diagnosed in childhood or adulthood, later than a...
Article
Asplenia syndrome
Asplenia syndrome, also known as right isomerism or Ivemark syndrome, is a type of heterotaxy syndrome.
Epidemiology
There is an increased male predilection. Asplenia syndrome is usually diagnosed in neonates 4.
Associations
severe/complex congenital heart disease (50%), especially cyanotic ...
Article
Signatures on case images
Signatures on images within a case on Radiopaedia are restricted to images that may be reasonably defined as art (typically a medical illustration).
When submitting an artistic image with a signature, please ensure that the signature is tastefully subtle and in the bottom right hand corner, or ...
Article
Oropharynx
The oropharynx forms part of the pharynx, being the continuation of the oral cavity and nasopharynx superiorly, and the larynx and hypopharynx inferiorly. It also forms part of the upper respiratory tract and the gastrointestinal tract.
Its mucosa layer is continuous with the oral cavity, its s...
Article
Cascade stomach
A cascade stomach, also referred to as a cup and spill configuration, is an anatomic variant of the stomach involving an angulation separating the fundus and body of the stomach. It is named for its appearance on contrast swallow, where contrast may fill the proximal stomach before spilling over...
Article
Bloom syndrome
Bloom syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by short stature, brachydactyly, malar hypoplasia and facial telangiectasia, erythema and cafe au lait spots. Affected individuals have an increased risk of developing malignancies.
Pathology
There is extreme chromosomal fragi...
Article
Sphenozygomatic suture
The sphenozygomatic suture is one of the paired cranial sutures formed by the junction of the sphenoid and zygomatic bones. Medially, it forms part of the lateral wall of the orbit. Laterally it forms part of the anterior temporal fossa 1.
Article
Infraction
Infractions are incomplete fragmented fractures without displacement. The most well-known is Freiberg infraction.
Article
Supermicrosurgery
Supermicrosurgery is the specialized surgical technique employed to anastomose blood vessels and nerves measuring 0.3 to 0.8 mm in caliber (so-called microneurovascular anastomosis) 1. The instruments developed for these demanding procedures are very fine microsurgical devices. Microsurgery as a...
Article
Schenck classification of knee dislocation
The Schenck classification is categorizing knee dislocation based on the pattern of ligament tears. The four major ligamentous stabilizers are the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), posterior cruciate ligament (PCL), medial collateral ligament (MCL) and the lateral collateral ligament (LCL) compl...
Article
Positron Emission Tomography Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST)
Positron Emission Tomography Response Criteria in Solid Tumors (PERCIST) are guidelines to asses tumors that makes use of positron emission tomography (PET) to provide functional information to help determine tumor viability.
The criteria consist of four categories: complete metabolic response ...
Article
Faceless kidney
A faceless kidney refers to one in which the normal appearance of the renal sinus on cross-sectional imaging is absent. It was initially described as a sign of duplication of the collecting system 1 (a slice obtained between the two collecting systems will not demonstrate the normal components o...
Article
Progressive muscular atrophy
Progressive muscular atrophy is one of the motor neuron diseases, sometimes considered a variant of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, confined to the lower motor neurons.
Article
Bronchopleural fistula
Bronchopleural fistulas are communications between the bronchial tree and the pleural space.
Clinical features
A bronchopleural fistula is usually diagnosed at 1 week to 3 months post lobectomy or pneumonectomy, most commonly between 8 to 12 days post operation 12.
A central bronchopleural ...
Article
Pulmonary arterial webs
In thoracic imaging, a pulmonary arterial web is given to describe fibrotic bands which are delicate ribbonlike structures anchored to the vessel wall at two ends with a free unattached mid portion. Sometimes, the term ‘web’ is also used to describe a bands that have branches and form networks o...
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