Inferior vena cava thrombosis

Case contributed by Karen Machang'a
Diagnosis almost certain

Presentation

Patient with known high-grade osteogenic sarcoma with lung metastases. She presents with dyspnea, chest pains, desaturations (spO2:74%), and tachycardia: heart rate of 140 beats per minute.

Patient Data

Age: 14 years
Gender: Female
ultrasound

The subcoastal inferior vena cava (IVC) view demonstrates an intraluminal mass within the IVC. Color Doppler demonstrates incomplete obstruction of the IVC.

The defect extends to the iliac veins and into the right common femoral vein (not shown). Dilated right cardiac chambers, severe tricuspid regurgitation with severe pulmonary hypertension (not shown).

Case Discussion

Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a common complication in cancer patients. Several risk factors for developing VTE, such as chemotherapy and immobilization, coexist with cancer patients, adding to the higher chance of developing VTE in cancer patients compared to non-cancer patients 1.

The patient was put on Clexane.

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