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Articles are a collaborative effort to provide a single canonical page on all topics relevant to the practice of radiology. As such, articles are written and continuously improved upon by countless contributing members. Our dedicated editors oversee each edit for accuracy and style. Find out more about articles.

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Keifhaber-Stern classification of volar plate avulsion injuries

The Keifhaber-Stern classification can be used to classify volar plate avulsion injuries of the fingers. Usage Along with the Eaton classification, this classification is considered (c. 2016) one of the most useful for the management of volar plate avulsion injuries 2. For Keifhaber-Stern cl...

Eaton classification of volar plate avulsion injury

The Eaton classification can be used to classify volar plate avulsion injuries of the fingers. Usage Along with the Keifhaber-Stern classification, this classification is considered (c. 2016) one of the most useful classifications for the management of volar plate avulsion injuries 2. Knowle...

ASCOD classification (ischemic stroke)

The ASCOD classification system 1, published in 2013, aims to define phenotypes of ischemic strokes for individual patients by assigning a degree of probability to each of the most common causes of this pathology. It serves most strictly as a research tool but is also useful clinically as a mne...

Koos grading scale

The Koos grading scale 1 is frequently used as a classification system for vestibular schwannomas. Classification grade 1: small intracanalicular tumor grade 2: small tumor with protrusion into the cerebellopontine cistern (CPA); no contact with the brainstem grade 3: tumor occupying the cer...

Rockwood classification of acromioclavicular joint injury

The Rockwood classification (1998) is the most commonly used (c.2024) classification system in use for acromioclavicular joint injuries 3,8,9. Usage This well-known 6-type system is a modification of the earlier 3-class classification system described by Allman (1967) 2 and Tossy (1963). The ...

Neer classification of proximal humeral fractures

The Neer classification of proximal humeral fractures is probably the most frequently used system along with the AO classification of proximal humeral fractures. The terminology and factors which influence the classification are essential for the utility of radiology reports of proximal humeral ...

Blumcke classification of focal cortical dysplasia

Blumcke et al. proposed (2011) 2 the widely adopted consensus classification system for focal cortical dysplasia, which shares many features with the previously described classification systems by Palmini (2004) and Barkovich (2005). Unfortunately, as is the case with many classification syst...

Visual assessment of coronary artery calcification

Overall visual assessment of coronary artery calcification is a simple scoring system for risk assessment of coronary heart disease mortality by an overall "gestalt" of none, mild, moderate or heavy coronary artery calcification (CAC). It is comparable to the Agatston score but has the advantage...

Simpson grade

The Simpson grade of meningioma resection was described in 1957 and correlated the degree of surgical resection completeness with symptomatic recurrence 1. grade I complete removal including resection of the underlying bone and associated dura 9% symptomatic recurrence at 10 years grade II ...

Brasfield scoring system

The Brasfield scoring system is a scoring system for patients with cystic fibrosis based on scoring conventional chest radiograph findings 1. It has good correlation with pulmonary function 2. Points are assigned in five categories: Air trapping (0-4) Definition: generalized pulmonary overdis...

Ultrasound assessment of carotid arterial atherosclerotic disease

Ultrasound assessment of carotid arterial atherosclerotic disease has become the first choice for carotid artery stenosis screening, permitting the evaluation of both the macroscopic appearance of plaques and flow characteristics in the carotid artery. This article focuses on internal carotid a...

Lateral humeral condyle fracture

Lateral humeral condyle fractures also referred to simply as lateral condyle fractures (in the appropriate context), are relatively common elbow fractures that predominantly occur in children. They may be subtle but are hugely important to diagnose promptly because if they are missed, they tend ...

Spondylolisthesis

Spondylolisthesis (plural: spondylolistheses) denotes the slippage of one vertebra relative to the one below. Terminology Although etymologically, it is directionless (see below) and could be applied to both anterolisthesis and retrolisthesis, in practice, spondylolisthesis is used synonymous...

Epidural spinal cord compression scale

The epidural spinal cord compression (ESCC) scale, sometimes known eponymously as the Bilsky scale, is used to assess the degree to which vertebral body metastasis compromises the spinal canal and whether cord compression is present. It may serve as a guide as to when intervention (radiotherapy ...

Limberg score

Limberg score is a semiquantitative color Doppler ultrasound assessment of the bowel wall vascularity in inflammatory bowel disease. grade 0: normal bowel wall with no thickening (<4 mm), well-delineated mural stratification, no mural flow (no color Doppler signal) grade 1: wall thickenin...

Effman Classification of urethral duplication

The Effman classification is a widely used system classifying several distinct types of urethral duplication. Usage The Effman classification is the most commonly used 3, which is considered the most complete classification from a clinical and functional point of view 4, but it is only based ...

Classification system for midline abnormalities of the brain and skull

Classification systems for midline abnormalities of the brain and skull are varied and constantly changing as the underlying embryology and genetics are uncovered. Classification A relatively simple and robust classification system is based on the location of abnormalities, proposed by Nuñez ...

Classification system for malformations of the cerebellum

Classification systems for malformations of the cerebellum are varied and are constantly being revised as a greater understanding of the underlying genetics and embryology of the disorders is uncovered. Classification A classification proposed by Barkovich et al. in 2009 1 divides cerebellar ...

CEUS LI-RADS

The Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Liver Imaging Reporting and Data System (CEUS LI-RADS) is a standardized classification system, algorithm, and terminology for diagnosing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in high-risk patients using CEUS with blood-pool intravenous contrast agents. The current ver...

DeLee and Charnley and Gruen zones

DeLee and Charnley and Gruen classified the radiolucent lines between the total hip arthroplasty and the bone seen on the AP and lateral views of the operated hip in three acetabular zones and seven femoral zones, respectively. Loosening induces the formation of a fibrous or 'synovial-like' mem...

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